![]() ![]() Portuguese explorers solved this problem by taking to the sea: They sailed south along the West African coast and around the Cape of Good Hope.īut Columbus had a different idea: Why not sail west across the Atlantic instead of around the massive African continent? The young navigator’s logic was sound, but his math was faulty. The route was long and arduous, and encounters with hostile armies were difficult to avoid. He also began to hatch the plan that would change the world forever.Īt the end of the 15th century, it was nearly impossible to reach Asia from Europe by land. ![]() The boat sank, but the young Columbus floated to shore on a scrap of wood and made his way to Lisbon, where he eventually studied mathematics, astronomy, cartography and navigation. He remained at sea until 1476, when pirates attacked his ship as it sailed north along the Portuguese coast. When he was still a teenager, he got a job on a merchant ship. Early Life and NationalityĬhristopher Columbus, the son of a wool merchant, is believed to have been born in Genoa, Italy, in 1451. Other European nations, particularly Spain, were eager to share in the seemingly limitless riches of the “Far East.” By the end of the 15th century, Spain’s “ Reconquista”-the expulsion of Jews and Muslims out of the kingdom after centuries of war-was complete, and the nation turned its attention to exploration and conquest in other areas of the world. In fact, scholars argue that the idea is almost as old as the idea that the Earth is round. Starting in about 1420, small Portuguese ships known as caravels zipped along the African coast, carrying spices, gold and other goods as well as enslaved people from Asia and Africa to Europe.ĭid you know? Christopher Columbus was not the first person to propose that a person could reach Asia by sailing west from Europe. The Portuguese were the earliest participants in this “ Age of Discovery,” also known as “ Age of Exploration.” Researchers at Harvard, meanwhile, published data about heat and learning that found that without air conditioning, “each 1☏ increase in school temperature reduces the amount learned that year by one percent.” Experts have also found that children “ are more susceptible to heat-induced illness than adults” and require special protections from high temperatures.Christopher Columbus and the Age of Discoveryĭuring the 15th and 16th centuries, leaders of several European nations sponsored expeditions abroad in the hope that explorers would find great wealth and vast undiscovered lands. According to data compiled by the Illinois Department of Public Health, “Classroom temperatures should be maintained between 68 degrees and 75 degrees Fahrenheit during the winter months and between 73 degrees and 79 degrees Fahrenheit during the summer months.” Those numbers are a far cry from what I experienced during heat waves in Brooklyn, and the sweltering conditions are only getting worse as temperatures skyrocket. Similar to what the research shows when students arrive at school hungry or sleep-deprived, effective teaching and learning don’t take place when teachers and students are physically uncomfortable because of high heat or cold. Some protesters also claimed to CNN that the school board’s history of vague promises to improve school conditions and the current offer’s lack of specific details were reasons not to take it at its word. But NBC affiliate WCMH of Columbus reported that three schools aren’t scheduled to receive this renovation during the 2022-23 school year, though the city has said two will get them next summer.īut the teachers union says this arrangement is unacceptable given the deplorable teaching conditions. One of the central conflicts between the teachers union and the Columbus City Schools Board of Education is about overheated classrooms, which create an environment the teachers describe as miserable.Īs reported in The Columbus Dispatch, several schools that began the year without air conditioning were on track to complete HVAC projects in August, and the school board has told teachers six more buildings will have completed their HVAC projects in mid-to-late September. ![]() ![]() It’s no wonder, then, that teachers in Columbus, Ohio, find themselves striking as school starts up this year. ![]()
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